莎士比亚在《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中使用了 "woeful" 来形容这对恋人的悲惨命运:"A glooming peace this morning with it brings; / The sun, for sorrow, will not show his head: / Go hence, to have more talk of these sad things; / Some shall be pardon'd, and some punished: / For never was a story of more woe…"
查尔斯·狄更斯在《雾都孤儿》(Oliver Twist) 中多次使用该词描绘孤儿们的悲惨境遇。
托马斯·哈代在《德伯家的苔丝》(Tess of the d'Urbervilles) 中用 woeful 刻画主人公命运多舛的人生。